X. , Y. AND Z. v. THE UNITED KINGDOM View

Notes

Date	22/04/1997
AppNr	21830/93
Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Type	Judgment (Merits)
Articles	14+8; 8
Violated / NonViolated	8
Citations	35-15-35-466-18912131434P1-1235-166-1812131434P1-1

Conclusions:

No violation of Art. 8
Not necessary to examine Art. 14+8

Keywords:

(art. 10-1) public authority
(art. 14) discrimination
(art. 14) other status
(art. 14) sex
(art. 8-1) respect for family life
positive obligations

ECHR Notes

Originating Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Document Type	Judgment (Merits)
Published in	Reports 1997-II
Language	ENGLISH ; FRENCH
Application Number	21830/93
Importance Level	1
Represented by	N/A
Respondent State	the United Kingdom
Referred by	Commission
Date of Reference	13/09/1995
Date of Judgment	22/04/1997
Applicability	Art. 8 applicable
Conclusion	No violation of Art. 8 ; Not necessary to examine Art. 14+8
Articles	8 ; 14+8
Rules of Court	A
Separate Opinions	Yes
Law at Issue	Human Fertility and Embryology Act 1990 ; Children Act 1989
Strasbourg Case Law	Marckx v. Belgium judgment of 13 June 1979, Series A no. 31, pp. 14-15, para. 31 ; Rees v. the United Kingdom judgment of 17 October 1986, Series A no. 106, p. 14, para. 35, p. 15, para. 37, p. 19, para. 47 ; Johnston and Others v. Ireland judgment of 18 December 1986, Series A no. 112, p. 29, para. 72 ; Cossey v. the United Kingdom judgment of 27 September 1990, Series A no. 184, p. 16, para. 40 ; B. v. France judgment of 25 March 1992, Series A no. 232-C ; Keegan v. Ireland judgment of 26 May 1994, Series A no. 290, p. 17, para. 44, p. 19, para. 50 ; Kroon and Others v. the Netherlands judgment of 27 October 1994, Series A no. 297-C, pp. 55-56, paras. 30-32
External Sources	Human Fertility and Embryology Act 1990, section 28 (3) ; Children Act 1989, sections 3, 4, 8 and 12 (2) ; Births and Deaths Registration Act 1953, sections 1 (1) and 10, as amended by the Family Law Reform Act 1987 ; European Parliament, Resolution OJ 1989 C256 ; Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Recommendation 1117 of 29 September 1989 ; Community Directive 76/207 ; Court of Appeal, Corbett v. Corbett [1971] Probate Reports 83 ; Court of Appeal, R. v. Tan [1983] Queen's Bench Reports 1053 ; Court of Justice of the European Communities, P. v. S. and Cornwall County Council, C-13/94, 30 April 1996 ; R. Green, "Sexual identity of 37 children raised by homosexual or transsexual parents", American Journal of Psychiatry, 1978, vol. 135, pp. 692-697 ; Professor L.J.G. Gooren, "Biological Aspects of Transsexualism", Council of Europe document no. CJ-DE/XXIII (93) 5 ; Zhou, Hofman, Gooren and Swaab, "A sex difference in the human brain and its relation to transsexuality", Nature, 2 November 1995, vol. 378, p. 68 ; Report of the Proceedings of the XXIIIrd Colloquy on European Law, Transsexualism, Medicine and the Law, Council of Europe, 1993 ; S.M. Breedlove, "Another Important Organ", Nature, 2 November 1995, vol. 378, p. 15
Keywords	"(Art. 10-1) PUBLIC AUTHORITY" "(Art. 14) DISCRIMINATION" "(Art. 14) OTHER STATUS" "(Art. 14) SEX" "(Art. 8-1) RESPECT FOR FAMILY LIFE" "POSITIVE OBLIGATIONS"

Application Documents 1

X. , Y. AND Z. v. THE UNITED KINGDOM

Commission (Plenary) Decision

01/12/1994

Google

References 9

	7 VELOSA BARRETO v. PORTUGAL 8, P1-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	21/11/1995
	67 KROON AND OTHERS v. THE NETHERLANDS 8 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/10/1994
	172 KEEGAN v. IRELAND 8, 6-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	26/05/1994
	53 B. v. FRANCE 8 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	25/03/1992
	37 COSSEY v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8, 12 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits)	27/09/1990
	125 JOHNSTON AND OTHERS v. IRELAND 8, 8, 12, 14 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/12/1986
	42 REES v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8, 12 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits)	17/10/1986
	10 X. and Y. v. the UNITED KINGDOM Commission (Plenary) Decision	03/05/1983
	327 MARCKX v. BELGIUM 8, 14, P1-1 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/06/1979

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Citations Breakdown

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1–10 of 33

Citations 33

	S.H. AND OTHERS v. AUSTRIA 8 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	03/11/2011
	BAYATYAN v. ARMENIA 9 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	07/07/2011
	MOSLEY v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	10/05/2011
	7 A, B AND C v. IRELAND 8, 8 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	16/12/2010
	1 SERIFE YIGIT v. TURKEY P1-1, 14, 8 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	02/11/2010
	GAS AND DUBOIS v. FRANCE Court (Fifth Section) Decision	31/08/2010
	4 MORETTI AND BENEDETTI v. ITALY 8 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/04/2010
	2 S.H. AND OTHERS v. AUSTRIA 8, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	01/04/2010
	8 SERIFE YIGIT v. TURKEY 8 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits)	20/01/2009
	3 SCHLUMPF v. SWITZERLAND 6-1, 8 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	08/01/2009

ECHR CaseLaw

X. , Y. AND Z. v. THE UNITED KINGDOM View

Notes

ECHR Notes

Application Documents 1

Google

References 9

Citations Breakdown

Citations 33

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