NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA View

Notes

Date	26/02/2004
AppNr	43577/98; 43579/98
Body	Court (First Section)
Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Articles	13; 14+2; 2-1; 2-2-b; 36; 41
Violated / NonViolated	214
Citations	2355-15-1-f5-35-45-566-16-26-3-c8101313-21438P1-1P1-2P1-3P4-2P12-123566-16-3814183438P1-2P1-3

Conclusions:

Costs and expenses award - Convention proceedings
Costs and expenses award - domestic proceedings
No separate issue under Art. 13
Non-pecuniary damage - financial award
Not necessary to examine Art. 2
Not necessary to examine Art. 2 with regard to the general obligation to protect life
Pecuniary damage - financial award
Preliminary objection rejected (estoppel)
Violation of Art. 14+2
Violation of Art. 2
Violation of Art. 2 with regard to deaths
Violation of Art. 2 with regard to lack of effective investigation

Keywords:

(art. 14) discrimination
(art. 14) race
(art. 2-1) life
(art. 2-2) absolutely necessary
(art. 2-2) effect lawful arrest
(art. 2-2) prevent escape
(art. 2-2) use of force
positive obligations

ECHR Notes

Originating Body	Court (First Section)
Document Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Language	ENGLISH ; FRENCH
Application Number	43577/98 ; 43579/98
Importance Level	1
Represented by	N/A
Respondent State	Bulgaria
Date of Judgment	26/02/2004
Conclusion	Preliminary objection rejected (estoppel) ; Violation of Art. 2 with regard to deaths ; Violation of Art. 2 with regard to lack of effective investigation ; Not necessary to examine Art. 2 with regard to the general obligation to protect life ; No separate issue under Art. 13 ; Violation of Art. 14+2 ; Pecuniary damage - financial award ; Non-pecuniary damage - financial award ; Costs and expenses award - domestic proceedings ; Costs and expenses award - Convention proceedings
Articles	2-1 ; 2-2-b ; 13 ; 14+2 ; 36 ; 41
Separate Opinions	Yes
Law at Issue	Regulations on the Military Police, issued by the Ministry of Defence on 21 December 1994, section 45
Strasbourg Case Law	5/97, § 90, ECHR 2001-III ; Streletz, Kessler and Krenz v. Germany [GC], nos. 34044/96, 35532/97 and 44801/98, §§ 87, 96 and 97, ECHR 2001-II ; Tanli v. Turkey, no. 26129/95, §§ 109-11, ECHR 2001-III ; Thlimmenos v. Greece [GC], no. 34369/97, § 44, ECHR 2000-IV ; Velikova v. Bulgaria, no. 41488/98, § 82 and § 94, ECHR 2000-VI ; W. v. Germany, no. 11257/84, Commission decision of 6 October 1986, DR 49, p. 213 ; Z and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 29392/95, § 120, ECHR 2001-V
External Sources	European Commission against Racism and Intolerance at the Council of Europe report of 2000 on Bulgaria ; United Nations Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law \tEnforcement Officials 1990 ; United Nations Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions 1989 ; European Union Council Directive 2000/43/CE of 29 June 2000 implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin ; European Union Council Directive 2000/78/CE of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation
Keywords	"(Art. 14) DISCRIMINATION" "(Art. 14) RACE" "(Art. 2-1) LIFE" "(Art. 2-2) ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY" "(Art. 2-2) EFFECT LAWFUL ARREST" "(Art. 2-2) PREVENT ESCAPE" "(Art. 2-2) USE OF FORCE" "POSITIVE OBLIGATIONS"

Application Documents 2

	7 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA 2, 14, 14, 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/07/2005
	85 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA Court (First Section) Decision	28/02/2002

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References 31

	41 MENSON and OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Second Section) Decision	06/05/2003
	31 AKTAS v. TURKEY 2, 3, 13, 14 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	24/04/2003
	128 OCALAN v. TURKEY 5-4, 5-3, 6-1, 6-3-b, 6-3-c, 3, 5-1, 2, 14, 3, 34 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	12/03/2003
	41 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA 2, 3, 5, 13, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/06/2002
	116 CONKA v. BELGIUM 5-1, 5-4, P4-4, 13, 5-2, 3, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	05/02/2002
	161 Z. AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 3, 13, 6 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	10/05/2001
	30 SHANAGHAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 2, 14, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/05/2001
	49 TANLI v. TURKEY 2, 13, 3, 5, 14, 18 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	10/04/2001
	149 STRELETZ, KESSLER AND KRENZ v. GERMANY 7-1, 14, 7 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	22/03/2001
	117 GÜL v. TURKEY 2, 13 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	14/12/2000
	343 ILHAN v. TURKEY 3, 13, 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	519 SALMAN v. TURKEY 2, 3, 13 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	173 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA Court (Fourth Section) Decision	06/06/2000
	12 SEVTAP VEZNEDAROGLU v. TURKEY 3 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	11/04/2000
	104 THLIMMENOS v. GREECE 14, 9, 6-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/04/2000
	10 SHANAGHAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	237 McKERR v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	40 CARAHER v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	11/01/2000
	15 VEZNEDAROGLU v. TURKEY Court (Second Section) Decision	07/09/1999
	934 SELMOUNI v. FRANCE 3, 6-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	28/07/1999
	275 ÇAKICI v. TURKEY 2, 3, 5, 13, 3, 14, 18 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	08/07/1999
	113 VELIKOVA v. BULGARIA Court (Fourth Section) Decision (Final)	18/05/1999
	123 GÜLEÇ v. TURKEY 2 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/07/1998
	375 KAYA v. TURKEY 2, 13, 2, 14, 6, 13 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	19/02/1998
	87 ANDRONICOU AND CONSTANTINOU v. CYPRUS 2, 6-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	09/10/1997
	2 M.D. v. TURKEY Commission (Plenary) Decision	30/06/1997
	2 LAGINHA DE MATOS contre le PORTUGAL Commission (Plenary) Decision	07/04/1997
	293 RIBITSCH v. AUSTRIA 3 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/12/1995
	4 KELLY v. THE UNITED KINGDOM COMMISSION Decision	13/01/1993
	6 W. v. THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY COMMISSION Decision	06/10/1986
	924 IRELAND v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 3, 5, 14 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/01/1978

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Citations Breakdown

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Citations 64

	MASNEVA v. UKRAINE 2, 2, 3 Court (Fifth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	20/12/2011
	1 DURDEVIC v. CROATIA 3, 3 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	19/07/2011
	2 AL-SKEINI AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	07/07/2011
	1 TREVALEC v. BELGIUM 2, 2 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits)	14/06/2011
	3 RAHIMI v. GREECE 3, 13, 5-1-f, 5-4 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	05/04/2011
	SOARE AND OTHERS v. ROMANIA 2, 13, 3, 14, 2, 3 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	22/02/2011
	2 TSINTSABADZE v. GEORGIA 2 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	15/02/2011
	1 ELLES AND OTHERS v. SWITZERLAND 6-1 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	16/12/2010
	1 MIZIGAROVA v. SLOVAKIA 2, 14, 2 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	14/12/2010
	1 SEIDOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA 2 Court (Fifth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/11/2010

ECHR CaseLaw

NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA View

Notes

ECHR Notes

Application Documents 2

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References 31

Citations Breakdown

Citations 64

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