NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA / ECHR

Notes

Date	06/07/2005
AppNr	43577/98; 43579/98
Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Articles	13; 14+2; 2-1; 2-2; 41
Violated / NonViolated	214214
Citations	238142314

Conclusions:

Costs and expenses partial award - Convention proceedings
No separate issue under Art. 13
No violation of Art. 14+2
No violation of Art. 14+2 (alleged act of racial violence)
Non-pecuniary damage - financial award
Pecuniary damage - financial award
Violation of Art. 14+2
Violation of Art. 14+2 (failure to investigate possible racist motives)
Violation of Art. 2
Violation of Art. 2 (deaths)
Violation of Art. 2 (failure to conduct an effective investigation)

Keywords:

(art. 13) effective remedy
(art. 14) discrimination
(art. 2-1) life
(art. 2-2) absolutely necessary
(art. 2-2) prevent escape
(art. 2-2) use of force

ECHR Notes

Originating Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Document Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Published in	Reports of Judgments and Decisions 2005-VII
Language	ENGLISH;FRENCH;GEORGIAN
Application Number	43577/98 ; 43579/98
Importance Level	1
Represented by	GROZEV Y.
Respondent State	Bulgaria
Date of Judgment	06/07/2005
Conclusion	Violation of Art. 2 (deaths) ; Violation of Art. 2 (failure to conduct an effective investigation) ; No separate issue under Art. 13 ; No violation of Art. 14+2 (alleged act of racial violence) ; Violation of Art. 14+2 (failure to investigate possible racist motives) ; Pecuniary damage - financial award ; Non-pecuniary damage - financial award ; Costs and expenses partial award - Convention proceedings
Articles	2-1 ; 2-2 ; 13 ; 14+2 ; 41
Separate Opinions	Yes
Law at Issue	Regulations on the Military Police, issued by the Ministry of Defence on 21 December 1994, section 45 ; Criminal Code, Articles 12 and 12a ; Code of Criminal Procedure, Articles 63, 192 and 237 § 6
Strasbourg Case Law	Akdivar and Others v. Turkey, judgment of 16 September 1996, Reports 1996-IV, p. 1211, § 68 ; Andronicou and Constantinou v. Cyprus, judgment of 9 October 1997, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1997-VI, pp. 2097-2098, § 171, p. 2102, § 181, p. 2104, § 186, p. 2107, § 192, and p. 2108, § 193 ; Anguelova v. Bulgaria, no. 38361/97, §§ 137, 139 and 144, ECHR 2002-IV ; Beyeler v. Italy (just satisfaction) [GC], no. 33202/96, § 27, 28 May 2002 ; Çakici v. Turkey [GC], no. 23657/94, § 86, ECHR 1999-IV ; Ergi v. Turkey, judgment of 28 July 1998, Reports 1998-IV, pp. 1778-1779, §§ 83 84 ; Güleç v. Turkey, judgment of 27 July 1998, Reports 1998-IV, p. 1733, §§ 81-82 ; Ilascu and Others v. Moldova and Russia [GC], no. 48787/99, § 26, 8 July 2004 ; Ilhan v. Turkey [GC], no. 22277/93, § 63, ECHR 2000-VII ; Ireland v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 18 January 1978, Series A no. 25, § 161 ; Kelly and Others v. the United Kingdom, no. 30054/96, §§ 96-97, 4 May 2001 ; Makaratzis v. Greece [GC], no. 50385/99, §§ 56-59 and 64-66, 20 December 2004 ; McCann and Others v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 27 September 1995, Series A no. 324, , pp. 45-46, §§ 146-150, and pp. 56-62, §§ 192-214 ; McKerr v. the United Kingdom, no. 28883/95, §§ 108 and 111-115, ECHR 2001-III ; Ögur v. Turkey [GC], no. 21954/93, § 88 and §§ 91-92, ECHR 1999-III ; Ribitsch v. Austria, judgment of 4 December 1995, Series A no. 336, p. 24, § 32 ; Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 100, ECHR 2000-VII ; Streletz, Kessler and Krenz v. Germany [GC], nos 34044/96, 35532/97 and 44801/98, §§ 87, 96 and 97, ECHR 2001-II ; Tanli v. Turkey, no. 26129/95, § 111, ECHR 2001-III ; Velikova v. Bulgaria, no. 41488/98, ECHR 2000-VI ; Willis v. the United Kingdom, no. 36042/97, § 48, ECHR 2002-IV
External Sources	United Nations Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials 1990 ; United Nations Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-Legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions 1989 ; International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ; United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment ; Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities ; European Union Council Directive 2000/43/CE of 29 June 2000 implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin ; European Union Council Directive 2000/78/CE of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation
Keywords	"(Art. 13) EFFECTIVE REMEDY" "(Art. 14) DISCRIMINATION" "(Art. 2-1) LIFE" "(Art. 2-2) ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY" "(Art. 2-2) PREVENT ESCAPE" "(Art. 2-2) USE OF FORCE"

Application Documents 2

	65 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA 2, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	26/02/2004
	85 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA Court (First Section) Decision	28/02/2002

References 30

	112 MAKARATZIS v. GREECE 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	20/12/2004
	115 ILASCU AND OTHERS v. MOLDOVA AND RUSSIA 3, 5, 3, 5, P1-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	08/07/2004
	41 MENSON and OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Second Section) Decision	06/05/2003
	48 WILLIS c. ROYAUME-UNI 14, P1-1 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/11/2002
	41 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA 2, 3, 5, 13, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/06/2002
	46 BEYELER v. ITALY Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Just Satisfaction)	28/05/2002
	161 Z. AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 3, 13, 6 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	10/05/2001
	30 SHANAGHAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 2, 14, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/05/2001
	31 KELLY AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 2, 6, 14, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/05/2001
	49 TANLI v. TURKEY 2, 13, 3, 5, 14, 18 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	10/04/2001
	149 STRELETZ, KESSLER AND KRENZ v. GERMANY 7-1, 14, 7 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	22/03/2001
	343 ILHAN v. TURKEY 3, 13, 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	519 SALMAN v. TURKEY 2, 3, 13 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	173 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA Court (Fourth Section) Decision	06/06/2000
	126 K. AND T. v. FINLAND 8, 13 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/04/2000
	104 THLIMMENOS v. GREECE 14, 9, 6-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/04/2000
	10 SHANAGHAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	34 KELLY AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	237 McKERR v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	406 BEYELER v. ITALY P1-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	05/01/2000
	275 ÇAKICI v. TURKEY 2, 3, 5, 13, 3, 14, 18 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	08/07/1999
	188 OGUR v. TURKEY 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	20/05/1999
	113 VELIKOVA v. BULGARIA Court (Fourth Section) Decision (Final)	18/05/1999
	207 WILLIS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	11/05/1999
	135 ERGI v. TURKEY 2, 13, 25-1, 2, 14, 18 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	28/07/1998
	123 GÜLEÇ v. TURKEY 2 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/07/1998
	87 ANDRONICOU AND CONSTANTINOU v. CYPRUS 2, 6-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	09/10/1997
	880 AKDIVAR AND OTHERS v. TURKEY 8, 25-1, P1-1, 14, 18 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	16/09/1996
	293 RIBITSCH v. AUSTRIA 3 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/12/1995
	924 IRELAND v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 3, 5, 14 Court (Plenary) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/01/1978

Show all (30)

	23 ANGELOVA AND ILIEV v. BULGARIA 2, 14 Court (Fifth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	26/07/2007
	22 ZELILOF v. GREECE 3 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	24/05/2007
	10 DZWONKOWSKI v. POLAND Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	12/04/2007
	4 LEDYAYEVA, DOBROKHOTOVA, ZOLOTAREVA and ROMASHINA v. RUSSIA 8 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	26/10/2006
	1 ERIKAN BULUT v. TURKEY 2, 3 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits)	02/03/2006
	1 BEKOS AND KOUTROPOULOS v. GREECE 3, 14, 14, 3 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/12/2005
	ALSAYED ALLAHAM v. GREECE Court (First Section) Decision	20/10/2005

ECHR CaseLaw

NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA View

Notes

ECHR Notes

Application Documents 2

References 30

Citations Breakdown

Citations 7

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