D.H. AND OTHERS v. THE CZECH REPUBLIC / ECHR

Notes

Date	13/11/2007
AppNr	57325/00
Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Articles	14+P1-2; 35-1; 36-2; 41; 46
Violated / NonViolated	14P1-2
Citations	2314

Conclusions:

Costs and expenses partial award
General measures refused
Non-pecuniary damage - financial award
Preliminary objection dismissed (non-exhaustion of domestic remedies)
Violation of Art. 14+P1-2

Keywords:

(art. 14) discrimination
(art. 14) objective and reasonable justification
(art. 14) race
(art. 35-1) effective domestic remedy
(art. 35-1) exhaustion of domestic remedies
(art. 46-2) measures of a general character
(p1-2) right to education-{general}
margin of appreciation

ECHR Notes

Originating Body	Court (Grand Chamber)
Document Type	Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)
Published in	Selected for publication in Reports of Judgments and Decisions
Language	ENGLISH;FRENCH;RUSSIAN
Application Number	57325/00
Importance Level	1
Represented by	LORD LESTER OF HERNE HILL, QC ; GOLDSTON J. ; STRUPEK D.
Respondent State	the Czech Republic
Date of Judgment	13/11/2007
Conclusion	Preliminary objection dismissed (non-exhaustion of domestic remedies) ; Violation of Art. 14+P1-2 ; General measures refused ; Non-pecuniary damage - financial award ; Costs and expenses partial award
Articles	14+P1-2 ; 35-1 ; 36-2 ; 41 ; 46
Separate Opinions	Yes
Law at Issue	Schools Act 1984 ; Schools Act 2004 ; Articles 2, 6 and 7 of the Decree no. 127/1997 ; Articles 1 and 2 of the Decree no. 73/2005
Strasbourg Case Law	Aktas v. Turkey (extracts), no. 24351/94, § 272, ECHR 2003-V ; Anguelova v. Bulgaria, no. 38361/97, § 111, ECHR 2002-IV ; Case "relating to certain aspects of the laws on the use of languages in education in Belgium" (merits), judgment of 23 July 1968, Series A no. 6, § 10 ; Beyeler v. Italy (just satisfaction) [GC], no. 33202/96, § 27, 28 May 2002 ; Broniowski v. Poland ([GC], no. 31443/96, § 189, ECHR 2004-V ; Buckley v. the United Kingdom, judgment of 25 September 1996, Reports 1996-IV, § 76 ; Chapman v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 27238/95, §§ 93-94 and 96, ECHR 2001-I ; Chassagnou and Others v. France [GC], nos 25088/94, 28331/95 and 28443/95, §§ 91-92, ECHR 1999-III ; Connors v. the United Kingdom, no. 66746/01, §§ 83 and 84, 27 May 2004 ; Deweer v. Belgium, judgment of 27 February 1980, Series A no. 35, § 51 ; Hermi v. Italy [GC], no. 18114/02, § 73, ECHR 2006 ; Hoogendijk v. the Netherlands (dec.), no. 58461/00, 6 January 2005 ; Hugh Jordan v. the United Kingdom, no. 24746/94, § 154, 4 May 2001 ; Hutten-Czapska v. Poland [GC], no. 35014/97, § 235-237, ECHR 2006 ; Ilhan v. Turkey [GC], no. 22277/93, § 59, ECHR 2000-VII ; Larkos v. Cyprus [GC], no. 29515/95, § 29, ECHR 1999-I ; Leyla Sahin v. Turkey [GC], no. 44774/98, § 128, ECHR 2005-XI ; Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria [GC], nos 43577/98 and 43579/98, §§ 145, 147 and 157, ECHR 2005 ; Okpisz v. Germany, no. 59140/00, § 33, 25 October 2005 ; Pfeifer and Plankl v. Austria, judgment of 25 February 1992, Series A no. 227, §§ 37-38 ; Salman v. Turkey [GC], no. 21986/93, § 100, ECHR 2000-VII ; Stec and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 65731/01, § 51, ECHR 2006 ; Thlimmenos v. Greece [GC], no. 34369/97, § 44, ECHR 2000-IV ; Timichev v. Russia, nos 55762/00 and 55974/00, §§ 56, 57 and 58, ECHR 2005 ; Üner v. the Netherlands [GC], no. 46410/99, § 41, ECHR 2006 ; V. v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 24888/94, § 57, ECHR 1999-IX ; Valsamis v. Greece, judgment of 18 December 1996, Reports 1996-VI, § 28 ; Willis v. the United Kingdom, no. 36042/97, § 48, ECHR 2002-IV ; Zarb Adami v. Malta, no. 17209/02, § 76 and §§ 77-78, ECHR 2006
External Sources	Recommendation No. R (2000) 4 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the education of Roma/Gypsy children in Europe ; Recommendation of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe no. 1203 (1993) on Gypsies in Europe ; Recommendation of the PA no. 1557 (2002): "The legal situation of Roma in Europe" ; ECRI general policy recommendation no. 3: "Combating racism and intolerance against Roma/Gypsies" ; ECRI general policy recommendation no. 7 on national legislation to combat racism and racial discrimination ; Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities ; Final Report by the Commissioner for Human Rights on the Human Rights Situation of the Roma, Sinti and Travellers in Europe (dated 15 February 2006) ; Council Directive 97/80/EC of 15 December 1997 ; Articles 2 and 8 of the Council Directive 2000/43/EC of 29 June 2000 ; Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 ; Article 26 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ; Article 1 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ; Articles 28 and 30 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child ; Articles 1 to 3 of the Convention against Discrimination in Education; UNESCO's Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice of 27 November 1978
Keywords	"(Art. 14) DISCRIMINATION" "(Art. 14) OBJECTIVE AND REASONABLE JUSTIFICATION" "(Art. 14) RACE" "(Art. 35-1) EFFECTIVE DOMESTIC REMEDY" "(Art. 35-1) EXHAUSTION OF DOMESTIC REMEDIES" "(Art. 46-2) MEASURES OF A GENERAL CHARACTER" "(P1-2) RIGHT TO EDUCATION-{GENERAL}" "MARGIN OF APPRECIATION" PROPORTIONALITY

Application Documents 2

	49 D.H. AND OTHERS v. THE CZECH REPUBLIC 14, P1-2 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits)	07/02/2006
	1 D.H. ET AUTRES c. REPUBLIQUE TCHEQUE Court (Second Section) Decision	01/03/2005

References 41

	23 ZARB ADAMI v. MALTA 14, 4-3-d Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	20/06/2006
	47 STEC AND OTHERS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM P1-1, 14 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	12/04/2006
	18 TIMISHEV v. RUSSIA P4-2, 14, P1-2 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/12/2005
	57 LEYLA SAHIN v. TURKEY 9, P1-2, 8, 10, 14 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	10/11/2005
	10 OKPISZ v. GERMANY 8, 14 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	25/10/2005
	8 MOLDOVAN AND OTHERS v. ROMANIA (No. 1) Court (Second Section) Judgment (Struck out of the List)	05/07/2005
	22 UNER v. THE NETHERLANDS 8 Court (Second Section) Judgment (Merits)	05/07/2005
	72 HERMI v. ITALY 6-1 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	28/06/2005
	25 ZARB ADAMI v. MALTA Court (Fourth Section) Decision	24/05/2005
	58 HUTTEN-CZAPSKA v. POLAND P1-1 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	22/02/2005
	242 BRONIOWSKI v. POLAND P1-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	22/06/2004
	22 CONNORS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8, 6, 13 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/05/2004
	65 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA 2, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	26/02/2004
	20 MOLDOVAN AND OTHERS and ROSTAS AND OTHERS v. ROMANIA Court (Second Section) Decision (Final)	03/06/2003
	31 AKTAS v. TURKEY 2, 3, 13, 14 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	24/04/2003
	48 ÜNER v. THE NETHERLANDS Court (Second Section) Decision (Partial)	26/11/2002
	63 WIRTSCHAFTS-TREND ZEITSCHRIFTEN-VERLAGSGES. M.B.H. (no. 2) v. AUSTRIA Court (Third Section) Decision	14/11/2002
	48 WILLIS c. ROYAUME-UNI 14, P1-1 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/11/2002
	41 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA 2, 3, 5, 13, 14 Court (First Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	13/06/2002
	46 BEYELER v. ITALY Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Just Satisfaction)	28/05/2002
	85 NACHOVA AND OTHERS v. BULGARIA Court (First Section) Decision	28/02/2002
	116 CONKA v. BELGIUM 5-1, 5-4, P4-4, 13, 5-2, 3, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	05/02/2002
	162 HUGH JORDAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 2, 6, 14, 13 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	04/05/2001
	74 CHAPMAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8, P1-1, 6-1, 14 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	18/01/2001
	343 ILHAN v. TURKEY 3, 13, 2 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	519 SALMAN v. TURKEY 2, 3, 13 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/06/2000
	173 ANGUELOVA v. BULGARIA Court (Fourth Section) Decision	06/06/2000
	126 K. AND T. v. FINLAND 8, 13 Court (Fourth Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/04/2000
	104 THLIMMENOS v. GREECE 14, 9, 6-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	06/04/2000
	44 JORDAN v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	04/04/2000
	406 BEYELER v. ITALY P1-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	05/01/2000
	177 V. v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 6-1, 5-4, 3, 6-1, 5-1 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	16/12/1999
	207 WILLIS v. THE UNITED KINGDOM Court (Third Section) Decision	11/05/1999
	145 CHASSAGNOU AND OTHERS v. FRANCE P1-1, 14, 11 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	29/04/1999
	25 LARKOS v. CYPRUS 8, 14 Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/02/1999
	20 VALSAMIS v. GREECE P1-2, 13, 9, 3, 9, P1-2 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	18/12/1996
	107 BUCKLEY v. THE UNITED KINGDOM 8, 14 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits)	25/09/1996
	116 GAYGUSUZ v. AUSTRIA 14, P1-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	16/09/1996
	33 PFEIFER AND PLANKL v. AUSTRIA 6-1, 8 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	25/02/1992
	112 HÅKANSSON AND STURESSON v. SWEDEN 6-1, 14, P1-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	21/02/1990
	299 DEWEER v. BELGIUM 6-1 Court (Chamber) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	27/02/1980

Show all (41)

	19 OPUZ v. TURKEY 2, 3, 14 Court (Third Section) Judgment (Merits and Just Satisfaction)	09/06/2009
	11 KOVACIC AND OTHERS v. SLOVENIA Court (Grand Chamber) Judgment (Struck out of the List)	03/10/2008

ECHR CaseLaw

D.H. AND OTHERS v. THE CZECH REPUBLIC View

Notes

ECHR Notes

Application Documents 2

References 41

Citations Breakdown

Citations 2

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